Shoes
For many people footwear plays a major factor in bunion formation by pinching in the toes and forefoot in. It probably goes without saying that it is extremely difficult to correct bunions if you are squeezing your toes into tight shoes. Any footwear with a wide toe box would help, but some shoes I recommend are:
Lems
Vivo Barefoot
Vibram Five Fingers
Xero
Altra
Some of these brands have models with a slight heel lift. While this is not ideal long term, if your calves are especially tight, you may find that it’s easier to keep your pinky toe ball and big toe ball in contact with the ground through the terminal stance if your calves are not overstretched. A little bit of heel lift can help with that, but it is not a long term solution. Stretch your calves!
Again, the most important thing is a wide toe box and a lower heel. Beyond that, comfort should be your guide and there are lots of other options for shoes with space for your toes if you don’t like the ones I’ve listed here.
Toe Spreaders
Some of my clients have found relief with various silicone toe spreaders. Toe spreaders can be extremely helpful both as a gentle way to stretch the foot and also while doing foot exercises or yoga because they hold the toes in alignment with the metatarsals (next bone up from the toes). Wearing them in shoes is possible for some, but you will need to find shoes with a wide toe box to accommodate the spreader and your widened toes. Wear them for a short period of time around the house at first to avoid straining your feet. I personally find them difficult to wear in shoes or for long periods of time because they cut off the circulation to my feet. Be mindful of this if you are wearing them in shoes. If your toes start to go numb, take them off. If they don’t fit in shoes, you might also try a single toe spacer for the big toe. These are often available at pharmacies, but again it is still important to have a wider toe box in your shoes.
Sugar Toes/Diet:
This is really just food for thought, but you might find it helpful.. I am not an acupuncturist but having collaborated with several acupuncturists in my practice, sharing clients over the years, I am constantly fascinated by how the organs effect structure. I’ve noticed in my own practice that when I do visceral manipulation with a client the musculature around the organ’s meridian often shifts in some positive way. Back to bunions… in Japanese acupuncture bunions are described as "sugar toes". This would make more sense if you know that in acupuncture the spleen and pancreas are related. The spleen meridian runs along the inside of the foot out to the big toe and is generally the part of the foot that is over stretched and weak with bunions. Some things that may help to tonify the spleen meridian, and indirectly support the abductor hallucis muscle that straiten the big toe are:
-Eliminate or lessen sugar, alcohol, smoking, and excessive caffeine.
-Take natural anti inflamatories. Spleen "Dampness" in Chinese medicine can be thought of as a phlegm reaction to inflammation, so a diet that lowers your inflammation can be helpful. If you are having problems with mucus in your throat or sinuses, you might try taking black pepper and turmeric to help with gut inflammation that may be causing the mucus.
-Exercise or anything that makes you build a light sweat like running or jumping on a trampoline, or jumping rope are supportive for the lymph. The muscle that straitens the big toe runs along your midline, so exercises like pilates that promote length while engaging your midline can be helpful as well.
Finding your center. The spleen meridian is all about the pregnant pause of Indian Summer. In each moment that can be likened to being present in transition. Anything that allows you to get present and grounded may be helpful.
Surgery
Obviously there are more than one cause for bunions, and I have only described what I see in my practice. These suggestions may not work for you but they have been incredibly helpful for many of my clients. If your condition progresses to the point of pain that is not relieved by any of the these suggestions, surgery may be an option. In my practice I mostly see the negative results of bunion surgery so I generally don’t recommend it as a first course of action. Surgery is never a quick fix. As with most surgeries you can expect a minimum of 6 months for recovery and you may not get the outcome you were hoping for. If you don’t have any luck with these exercises you might want to speak to an orthopedic surgeon who specializes in working with feet. This is the what the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons has to say about bunions: https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/treatment/bunion-surgery/
Summary
For many who suffer from bunions it can be corrected without surgery, so don’t give up hope if you are struggling with this. Feel free to contact me if you think I might be able to help you with your own foot dilemmas. I hope this helps!
In Health,
David